Hi Rohan
Happy Boxing day. Thinking about your problem, have you thought about using new nuts? The threads could be failing and causing you not to be able to reach torque spec.
Thanks Walt, Happy Boxing Day to you too.
At this point I've eliminated the nuts - I am getting good torque readings and the threads are in perfect condition
The engine is a 16R, the cylinders and heads are from a 11U.
Starting with the front cylinder (which was leaking a lot more than the other):
d) Check flatness of the mating surfaces. I taped some 400 grit to my surface plate (certified flat to 0.0001") Some back/forth action and I can see that these are far from flat. Almost the entire surface is one giant high spot. About 3000+ strokes later and it's looking freshly machined. Still a few casting defects, but trying to catch them could reveal more, and I don't want to mess up clearances. Very little warpage evident on the cylinder, but cleaned it up anyway
c) The dowel pins look good. Slight corrosion only. Double checked the recesses were clean and polished the pins to a shine. With a liberal coat of assembly lube they slip in easily, but not sloppy. Tapped gently with a rubber hammer during assembly to ensure good seating.
b) There is no significant difference between the 11U and 16R drillings.
a) The studs sit 2mm higher on the 16R than the 11U engine. If I'm less than 5mm from the top of the stud to top of the nut, then I'm bottoming out. I'll torque and measure that tomorrow and move on to the rear.